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✨ File Manager Magic · Hostinger Optimized ✨
{|j;^dZddlZddlZddlZddlZddlZddlZddlZddl m Z m Z m Z ddl mZddlmZgdZgdZgdZd d gZeezezezd gzZgd Zid ddddddddddddddddddddd d!d"d#d"d$d%d&d'd(d)d*d+d,d-d.d/Zd0Zd1Z eeGd3d4eZd5Zd6Zd7Zdgd8Z Gd9d:ejBZ"e e"ejFd;Gd<d=ejHZ%ejFZ#Gd>d?e&Z'Gd@d eZ(GdAdBeZ)GdCdDe&Z*GdEdFe&Z+GdGdHe'Z,GdIdJe&Z-GdKdLe&Z.GdMdNe&Z/GdOdPe.e-Z0e0Z1dQZ2GdRdSe,Z3GdTdUe0Z4e4Z5dhdVZ6dWZ7ed(Z8 e8d)k7re7e8dZZ:d[Z;d\Ze>ee3d_d`e<e>ee4dadbe;e?Z@eAdck(rddZBdeZCdfZDeCeDeEyy#e$r ed2YdwxYw#e9$r edXe8Yqe$redYe8zYwxYw)ia Turtle graphics is a popular way for introducing programming to kids. It was part of the original Logo programming language developed by Wally Feurzig and Seymour Papert in 1966. Imagine a robotic turtle starting at (0, 0) in the x-y plane. After an ``import turtle``, give it the command turtle.forward(15), and it moves (on-screen!) 15 pixels in the direction it is facing, drawing a line as it moves. Give it the command turtle.right(25), and it rotates in-place 25 degrees clockwise. By combining together these and similar commands, intricate shapes and pictures can easily be drawn. ----- turtle.py This module is an extended reimplementation of turtle.py from the Python standard distribution up to Python 2.5. (See: https://www.python.org) It tries to keep the merits of turtle.py and to be (nearly) 100% compatible with it. This means in the first place to enable the learning programmer to use all the commands, classes and methods interactively when using the module from within IDLE run with the -n switch. Roughly it has the following features added: - Better animation of the turtle movements, especially of turning the turtle. So the turtles can more easily be used as a visual feedback instrument by the (beginning) programmer. - Different turtle shapes, gif-images as turtle shapes, user defined and user controllable turtle shapes, among them compound (multicolored) shapes. Turtle shapes can be stretched and tilted, which makes turtles very versatile geometrical objects. - Fine control over turtle movement and screen updates via delay(), and enhanced tracer() and speed() methods. - Aliases for the most commonly used commands, like fd for forward etc., following the early Logo traditions. This reduces the boring work of typing long sequences of commands, which often occur in a natural way when kids try to program fancy pictures on their first encounter with turtle graphics. - Turtles now have an undo()-method with configurable undo-buffer. - Some simple commands/methods for creating event driven programs (mouse-, key-, timer-events). Especially useful for programming games. - A scrollable Canvas class. The default scrollable Canvas can be extended interactively as needed while playing around with the turtle(s). - A TurtleScreen class with methods controlling background color or background image, window and canvas size and other properties of the TurtleScreen. - There is a method, setworldcoordinates(), to install a user defined coordinate-system for the TurtleScreen. - The implementation uses a 2-vector class named Vec2D, derived from tuple. This class is public, so it can be imported by the application programmer, which makes certain types of computations very natural and compact. - Appearance of the TurtleScreen and the Turtles at startup/import can be configured by means of a turtle.cfg configuration file. The default configuration mimics the appearance of the old turtle module. - If configured appropriately the module reads in docstrings from a docstring dictionary in some different language, supplied separately and replaces the English ones by those read in. There is a utility function write_docstringdict() to write a dictionary with the original (English) docstrings to disc, so it can serve as a template for translations. Behind the scenes there are some features included with possible extensions in mind. These will be commented and documented elsewhere. N)isfilesplitjoin)deepcopy) simpledialog) ScrolledCanvas TurtleScreenScreen RawTurtleTurtleRawPenPenShapeVec2D)addshapebgcolorbgpicbye clearscreen colormodedelay exitonclick getcanvas getshapeslistenmainloopmodenuminputonkey onkeypress onkeyrelease onscreenclickontimerregister_shape resetscreen screensizesetupsetworldcoordinates textinputtitletracerturtlesupdate window_height window_width)Pbackbackward begin_fill begin_polybkcircleclear clearstamp clearstampsclonecolordegreesdistancedotdownend_fillend_polyfd fillcolorfillingforwardget_polygetpen getscreen get_shapepoly getturtlegotoheading hideturtlehomehtisdown isvisibleleftltonclickondrag onreleasepdpenpencolorpendownpensizepenuppospositionpuradiansrightreset resizemodertseth setheadingsetpos setposition settiltangle setundobuffersetxsetyshape shapesizeshapetransform shearfactor showturtlespeedststampteleporttilt tiltangletowards turtlesizeundoundobufferentriesupwidthwritexcorycorwrite_docstringdictdone Terminator)rr1r4rArNrRrVr\r^rcrdrfrgrrrxr{r|r|?heightg? canvwidthi canvheighti, leftright topbottomrstandardr?r undobuffersizeirlclassicrXblackrBrbnoresizevisibleTlanguageenglish exampleturtleturtlescreenzPython Turtle GraphicsF) examplescreenr* using_IDLEct|d5}|j}dddi}D]}|j}|r|jdr' |j d\}}|j}|j}|dvr t|}n d|vr t|}n t|}|||<|S#1swYxYw#t $rt d|d|YwxYw#t $rY@wxYw) z/Convert content of config-file into dictionary.rN#=zBad line in config-file z: )TrueFalseNonez''z"".) open readlinesstrip startswithr ValueErrorprintevalfloatint)filenamefcfglinescfgdictlinekeyvalues /usr/lib64/python3.12/turtle.py config_dictrs h ;;= Gzz|ts+  CJCiik  9 9KE %<!%LEJE +, N3    xE F    s/B;CC';CC$#C$' C32C3c4d}i}i}t|r t|}d|vrd|dz} tt\}}t ||}t|r t|}t j|t j|y#t $rd}YNwxYw)a@Read config-files, change configuration-dict accordingly. If there is a turtle.cfg file in the current working directory, read it from there. If this contains an importconfig-value, say 'myway', construct filename turtle_mayway.cfg else use turtle.cfg and read it from the import-directory, where turtle.py is located. Update configuration dictionary first according to config-file, in the import directory, then according to config-file in the current working directory. If no config-file is found, the default configuration is used. z turtle.cfg importconfigz turtle_%s.cfgN)rrr__file__r Exception_CFGr-)r default_cfgcfgdict1cfgdict2headtail cfg_file2s r readconfigrsKHH k{+!%(@@ 8_ d{+ iy)KKKK  sB BBz"No configfile read, reason unknowncLeZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZ dZ d Z d Z d Z y ) raA 2 dimensional vector class, used as a helper class for implementing turtle graphics. May be useful for turtle graphics programs also. Derived from tuple, so a vector is a tuple! Provides (for a, b vectors, k number): a+b vector addition a-b vector subtraction a*b inner product k*a and a*k multiplication with scalar |a| absolute value of a a.rotate(angle) rotation c2tj|||fSN)tuple__new__)clsxys rrz Vec2D.__new__s}}S1a&))c>t|d|dz|d|dzSNrrselfothers r__add__z Vec2D.__add__)T!WU1X%tAwuQx'788rct|tr|d|dz|d|dzzSt|d|z|d|zSr) isinstancerrs r__mul__z Vec2D.__mul__sN eU #758#DGE!H$44 4T!WU]DGEM22rc~t|tst|trt|d|z|d|zStSr)rrrrNotImplementedrs r__rmul__zVec2D.__rmul__s8 eS !Zu%=aQ 6 6rc>t|d|dz |d|dz Srrrs r__sub__z Vec2D.__sub__rrc*t|d |d Srrrs r__neg__z Vec2D.__neg__sd1gXQx((rc&tj|Sr)mathhypotrs r__abs__z Vec2D.__abs__szz4  rct|d |d}tj|}tj|tj|}}t|d|z|d|zz|d|z|d|zzS)z.rotate self counterclockwise by angle rr)rrr_cossin)rangleperpcss rrotatez Vec2D.rotatesxd1gXtAw' U#xx1T!WQYtAwqy($q'!)DGAI*=>>rc|d|dfSrrs r__getnewargs__zVec2D.__getnewargs__sQa!!rc d|zS)Nz (%.2f,%.2f)rrs r__repr__zVec2D.__repr__s t##rN)__name__ __module__ __qualname____doc__rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrs9 *939)!?"$rrct|j}|j|D]}t|||jj D]'\}}t |tjk(s#|||<)y)#helper function for Scrolled CanvasN) list __bases__reverse __methodDict__dict__itemstypetypes FunctionType)r_dictbaseList_superrrs rrrsfCMM"H VU#ll((* U ;%,, ,E#J+rc>i}t|||jS)r)rkeys)rrs r __methodsr&s Ee ::<rzTdef %(method)s(self, *args, **kw): return self.%(attribute)s.%(method)s(*args, **kw)cPi}t||i}t|}|jD]#}|dddk(s|dddk(s||vs||vr||||<%|jD]B\}} || d} t |t r t ||dz} t | t||| |Dy)Nr_)methodfunc)r attribute) rrrrrstr __stringBodyexecsetattr) fromClasstoClasstoPartexclude_dict_1rmfcexrrd execStrings r__forwardmethodsr0sG'" E I Clln bq6S=BrsGsNbGmrSy  E"I   t , fc "6HH  Z 61V9- &rcTeZdZdZ d dZddZdZdZdZdZ d Z d Z d Z d Z y)rzModeled after the scrolled canvas class from Grayons's Tkinter book. Used as the default canvas, which pops up automatically when using turtle graphics functions or the Turtle class. c $tjj|||||j|_||c|_|_||c|_|_d|_ tj||||jtjd|_ tj||jjtj|_tj||jj"|_|jj'|j j(|j$j(|j+dd d |j-dd d |jj/d |d ddd d d |j$j/d |d dd d d d |j j/d |d d dd d d |j1|jj3d |j4y)N)r|rwhite)r|rbgrelief borderwidth)commandorient)r)xscrollcommandyscrollcommandrr)weightminsizenewspadxin_padyrowcolumnrowspan columnspanstickyz )TKFrame__init__winfo_toplevel _rootwindowr|rrrrCanvasSUNKEN_canvas Scrollbarxview HORIZONTALhscrollyviewvscroll configureset rowconfigurecolumnconfiguregridrabindonResize)rmasterr|rrrs rr/zScrolledCanvas.__init__Ks $eFC..0"' DK*3Z'yyuV$(GGBII1N ||FDLL4F4F+-==: ||FDLL4F4FG  dll.>.>.2ll.>.>  @ !Aq1 Qq!4 q1!!&  B q1!!&  B q1!!&  B  mT]];rNc|r||_|r||_|r||_|jj ||j dz|j dz|jdz|jdzf|jj d|j|j z dzz|jz |jjd|j|jz dzz|jz |jy)zBoo#N O rc ~|jj}|jj}|jjd|j|z z|jz |jj d|j |z z|j z ||jks||j krG|jjd|dddddd|jjd|ddddddy|jj|jjy)zA Adjust scrollbars according to window- and canvas-size. rrrr#r$N) r4 winfo_width winfo_heightrGrrHrr8r?r: grid_forget)rcwidthcheights rrIzScrolledCanvas.adjustScrollsvs))+,,++- !!#t~~f'<"=dnn"LM !!#tw'>"?"OP DNN "g&? LL  1Dqa%&a  P LL  1Dqa%&a  P LL $ $ & LL $ $ &rc$|jy)zself-explanatoryN)rI)revents rrAzScrolledCanvas.onResizes rc4|jj|S@ 'forward' method, which canvas itself has inherited... )r4bboxrargss rrVzScrolledCanvas.bboxs!t||  $''rc:|jj|i|SrT)r4cgetrrXkwargss rrZzScrolledCanvas.cgets !t||  $1&11rc<|jj|i|yrUN)r4rFr[s rrFzScrolledCanvas.config  T,V,rc<|jj|i|yr^)r4r@r[s rr@zScrolledCanvas.binds  4*6*rc<|jj|i|yr^)r4unbindr[s rrbzScrolledCanvas.unbindr_rc8|jjyr^)r4 focus_forcers rrdzScrolledCanvas.focus_forces   "r)i^iXreNNN)rrrrr/rarIrArVrZrFr@rbrdrrrrrEsA 25DG<2$' ( 2 - + - #rrr4c:eZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZ dZ y ) _Rootz'Root class for Screen based on Tkinter.cBtjj|yr)r-Tkr/rs rr/z_Root.__init__s trcft||||||_|jjddy)Nrboth)expandfill)rr4pack)rr|rrOrPs r setupcanvasz_Root.setupcanvass-%dE667K  0rc|jSr)r4rs r _getcanvasz_Root._getcanvass ||rc4|jd||||fzy)Nz %dx%d%+d%+d)geometry)rr|rstartxstartys r set_geometryz_Root.set_geometrys mUFFF$CCDrc(|jd|y)NWM_DELETE_WINDOW) wm_protocol)rdestroys r ondestroyz_Root.ondestroys +W5rc"|jSr)winfo_screenwidthrs r win_widthz_Root.win_widths%%''rc"|jSr)winfo_screenheightrs r win_heightz_Root.win_heights&&((rN) rrrrr/rprrrwr|rrrrrrhrhs)11E6()rrhceZdZdZdZdZdZdZ d$dZdZ d$d Z d Z d Z d Z d Zd%dZdZd&dZd&dZd&dZd&dZdZd%dZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZd'dZ d Z!d!Z"d"Z#d'd#Z$y)(TurtleScreenBasezProvide the basic graphics functionality. 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To port turtle.py to some different graphics toolkit a corresponding TurtleScreenBase class has to be implemented. cjtjdd|j}|j|S)z$return a blank image object r)r|rrB)r- PhotoImagecvblank)rimgs r _blankimagezTurtleScreenBase._blankimages(mm!Adgg>  rcDtj||jS)z`return an image object containing the imagedata from a gif-file named filename. )filerB)r-rr)rrs r_imagezTurtleScreenBase._images}}(477;;rc||_t|tr-|jj}|jj}nvt |jj d}t |jj d}|jj| dz| dz|dz|dzf||_||_dx|_|_ y)Nr|rrrDr) rrrrrrrZrFxscaleyscale)rrwhs rr/zTurtleScreenBase.__init__s b. )!!A""ADGGLL)*ADGGLL*+A GGNNA2q51"a%Aq!t*EN F$'' dkrc>|jjdddS)zcjj|jjz jj |j  j z }}||yrrcanvasxrrcanvasyrrrRrrfunrs reventfunz+TurtleScreenBase._onclick..eventfun\P0<11$++=Aq rr tag_unbindtag_bindrrrnumaddrs` ` r_onclickzTurtleScreenBase._onclickSsG ; GG  t]S%8 9  GG  T=3#6# Frc jj|d|zyfd}jj|d|z||y)agBind fun to mouse-button-release event on turtle. fun must be a function with two arguments, the coordinates of the point on the canvas where mouse button is released. num, the number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 If a turtle is clicked, first _onclick-event will be performed, then _onscreensclick-event. Nzcjj|jjz jj |j  j z }}||yrrrs rrz-TurtleScreenBase._onrelease..eventfunnrrrrs` ` r _onreleasezTurtleScreenBase._onreleasebsL ; GG  t%?#%E F  GG  T#=#C%s ,rc jj|d|zyfd}jj|d|z||y)aqBind fun to mouse-move-event (with pressed mouse button) on turtle. fun must be a function with two arguments, the coordinates of the actual mouse position on the canvas. num, the number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 Every sequence of mouse-move-events on a turtle is preceded by a mouse-click event on that turtle. Nzc jj|jjz jj |j  j z }}||y#t$rYywxYwr)rrrrrrrrrs rrz*TurtleScreenBase._ondrag..eventfunsg GGOOEGG4T[[@ GGOOEGG44T[[@A1I sA.A22 A>=A>rrs` ` r_ondragzTurtleScreenBase._ondragusI ; GG  t%83%> ?  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Nz z cyrrrs rrz.TurtleScreenBase._onkeypress..eventfunrrrrs ` r _onkeypresszTurtleScreenBase._onkeypresssk ;{|T24d; { \84 _s2H=rc8|jjy)z=Set focus on canvas (in order to collect key-events) N)rrdrs r_listenzTurtleScreenBase._listens rc~|dk(r|jj|y|jj||y)z?Install a timer, which calls fun after t milliseconds. rN)r after_idlerrrts r_ontimerzTurtleScreenBase._ontimers/ 6 GG  s # GGMM!S !rc>|jjdd|S)z0Create and return image item on canvas. rimage)r create_image)rrs r _createimagezTurtleScreenBase._createimages ww##Aq#66rc|\}}|jj|||jz| |jzf|jj ||y)zZConfigure image item as to draw image object at position (x,y) on canvas) rN)rrrr itemconfig)rrr\rrrs r _drawimagezTurtleScreenBase._drawimagesN1 ta$++orDKK/?@A 4u-rct|jj|||jj|y)zConfigure image item as to draw image object at center of canvas. Set item to the first item in the displaylist, so it will be drawn below any other item .rN)rr tag_lower)rrrs r _setbgpiczTurtleScreenBase._setbgpics- 4u- $rc8|jj|S)zQReturn 'line' or 'polygon' or 'image' depending on type of item. )rrrs r_typezTurtleScreenBase._typesww||D!!rc|jj|}tdt|dDcgc]}||||dz f}}|Scc}w)a returns list of coordinate-pairs of points of item Example (for insiders): >>> from turtle import * >>> getscreen()._pointlist(getturtle().turtle._item) [(0.0, 9.9999999999999982), (0.0, -9.9999999999999982), (9.9999999999999982, 0.0)] >>> rrr)rrrangelen)rrripls r _pointlistzTurtleScreenBase._pointlistsVWW^^D !).q#b'1)= >)=Ar!ur!A#wh)= > ?sA cD|jj||||fy)Nr)rrF)rsrx1sry1srx2sry2s r_setscrollregionz!TurtleScreenBase._setscrollregions T4t$<=rc@|jj}|D]}t|jj|}g}|r8|dd\}}|j ||z|j ||z|dd}|r8|jj|g|y)Nr)rfind_allrrr) r xscalefactor yscalefactorrr coordinates newcoordlistrrs r_rescalezTurtleScreenBase._rescales  "Dtww~~d34KL"2A1##A $45##A $45)!"o  DGGNN4 /, /rc<t|jts|j|jfS||cxur|cxur/nn,|jj|jjfS|||_|||_|jj |||y)zaResize the canvas the turtles are drawing on. Does not alter the drawing window. N)rrrrrrarJs r_resizezTurtleScreenBase._resizes $''>2>>4??2 2  0b 077$$dgg&8&88 8  &DN  !(DO  iR0rc|jj}|dkr|jd}|jj}|dkr|jd}||fS)z; Return the width and height of the turtle window. rr|r)rrLrM)rr|rs r _window_sizezTurtleScreenBase._window_size s\##% A:GGG$E%%' Q;WWX&Ff}rcL|jjjy)a{Starts event loop - calling Tkinter's mainloop function. No argument. Must be last statement in a turtle graphics program. Must NOT be used if a script is run from within IDLE in -n mode (No subprocess) - for interactive use of turtle graphics. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.mainloop() N)rtkrrs rrzTurtleScreenBase.mainloops  rcFtj|||jS)aPop up a dialog window for input of a string. Arguments: title is the title of the dialog window, prompt is a text mostly describing what information to input. Return the string input If the dialog is canceled, return None. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.textinput("NIM", "Name of first player:") )parent)r askstringr)rr*prompts rr)zTurtleScreenBase.textinput%s%%eVDGGDDrcLtj||||||jS)aPop up a dialog window for input of a number. Arguments: title is the title of the dialog window, prompt is a text mostly describing what numerical information to input. default: default value minval: minimum value for input maxval: maximum value for input The number input must be in the range minval .. maxval if these are given. If not, a hint is issued and the dialog remains open for correction. Return the number input. If the dialog is canceled, return None. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.numinput("Poker", "Your stakes:", 1000, minval=10, maxval=10000) ) initialvalueminvaluemaxvaluer")raskfloatr)rr*r$defaultminvalmaxvals rrzTurtleScreenBase.numinput4s)$$$UF.4v,0GG5 5r)NNNFrrNrf)%rrrrrrr/rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr rrrrrr)rrrrrrs< (O 3705(28 -1-2(.  &  G,&M*=$ <>$ "7 . " > 0 1   E5rrceZdZdZy)rzWill be raised in TurtleScreen.update, if _RUNNING becomes False. This stops execution of a turtle graphics script. Main purpose: use in the Demo-Viewer turtle.Demo.py. NrrrrrrrrrPs   rceZdZdZy)TurtleGraphicsErrorzSome TurtleGraphics Error Nr/rrrr1r1Ysrr1c eZdZdZddZddZy)rzData structure modeling shapes. attribute _type is one of "polygon", "image", "compound" attribute _data is - depending on _type a poygon-tuple, an image or a list constructed using the addcomponent method. Ncb||_|dk(r#t|trt|}||_ y|dk(rWt|trd|j j drEt|r:tj|}||_ y|dk(r g}||_ ytd|z||_ y)Npolygonr.gifcompoundzThere is no shape type %s) rrrrrlowerendswithrr rr1_data)rtype_datas rr/zShape.__init__es I $%T{ g $$::<((0VD\'..t4D  j D &&AE&IJ J rc|jdk7rtd|jz||}|jj|||gy)a-Add component to a shape of type compound. Arguments: poly is a polygon, i. e. a tuple of number pairs. fill is the fillcolor of the component, outline is the outline color of the component. call (for a Shapeobject namend s): -- s.addcomponent(((0,0), (10,10), (-10,10)), "red", "blue") Example: >>> poly = ((0,0),(10,-5),(0,10),(-10,-5)) >>> s = Shape("compound") >>> s.addcomponent(poly, "red", "blue") >>> # .. add more components and then use register_shape() r6z Cannot add component to %s ShapeN)rr1r9r)rpolyrnrs r addcomponentzShape.addcomponentusR :: #%&HBF**'MN N ?G 4w/0rr)rrrrr/r>rrrrr^s  1rrc8eZdZdZd dZd dZdZdZdZdZ y) Tbufferz5Ring buffer used as undobuffer for RawTurtle objects.cF||_dgg|z|_d|_d|_y)NrF)bufsizebufferptrcumulate)rrBs rr/zTbuffer.__init__s' vh(  rNc|2t|jD]}dg|j|<d|_y||_dgg|z|_d|_y)Nr)r rBrCrD)rrBr s rraz Tbuffer.resetsR ?4<<("& A) #DL 6(W,DKrc|jdkDrp|js;|jdz|jz|_||j|j<y|j|jj |yyr)rBrErDrCrrs rpushz Tbuffer.pushs_ <?% * "~   {+  <<8 #**,J OOD,Z E OOD,Z E $rctd|_td|_|jd|j d|_d|_d|_d|_g|_ |jdd D]}|jd ||jd |jd d D]&}|jd ||jd |(d t_y ) aqDelete all drawings and all turtles from the TurtleScreen. No argument. Reset empty TurtleScreen to its initial state: white background, no backgroundimage, no eventbindings and tracing on. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.clear() Note: this method is not available as function. rrallrrtrrr)rrN)rr}r~rr_bgpic _bgpicname_tracing_updatecounter_turtlesrrSr rrr _pen)rbtnrs rr6zTurtleScreen.clears ={+ U''+ !   WC LLs # ::a=C JJtS ! OOD# &! rNcJ| |jS|j}|dvrtd|z||_|dvrX|j|j dz|j dz|jdz|j dzdx|_|_|jy)ahSet turtle-mode ('standard', 'logo' or 'world') and perform reset. Optional argument: mode -- one of the strings 'standard', 'logo' or 'world' Mode 'standard' is compatible with turtle.py. Mode 'logo' is compatible with most Logo-Turtle-Graphics. Mode 'world' uses userdefined 'worldcoordinates'. *Attention*: in this mode angles appear distorted if x/y unit-ratio doesn't equal 1. If mode is not given, return the current mode. Mode Initial turtle heading positive angles ------------|-------------------------|------------------- 'standard' to the right (east) counterclockwise 'logo' upward (north) clockwise Examples: >>> mode('logo') # resets turtle heading to north >>> mode() 'logo' NrlogoworldzNo turtle-graphics-mode %s)rrrr) r|r7r1rrrrrrarrs rrzTurtleScreen.modes, <:: zz| 4 4%&BT&IJ J ' '  ! !4>>/1"4t6F6I'+~~q'8$//1:L N(+ +DK$+ rct|jdk7r|jdt||z }t||z }|j\}}|j|dz |dz |j|j } } |j |z |_|j|z |_||jz} | |j z} |j | z} |j| z}|j| | | ||j|j| z |j | z |jy)asSet up a user defined coordinate-system. Arguments: llx -- a number, x-coordinate of lower left corner of canvas lly -- a number, y-coordinate of lower left corner of canvas urx -- a number, x-coordinate of upper right corner of canvas ury -- a number, y-coordinate of upper right corner of canvas Set up user coodinat-system and switch to mode 'world' if necessary. This performs a screen.reset. If mode 'world' is already active, all drawings are redrawn according to the new coordinates. But ATTENTION: in user-defined coordinatesystems angles may appear distorted. (see Screen.mode()) Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.setworldcoordinates(-10,-0.5,50,1.5) >>> for _ in range(36): ... left(10) ... forward(0.5) rN) rrrr&rrrrrrr-)rllxllyurxuryxspanyspanwxwy oldxscale oldyscalerrrrs rr(z TurtleScreen.setworldcoordinates$s , 99;' ! IIg cCi cCi ""$B 2r"u%#{{DKK9 nnu, oo- T[[ tdkk!~~$% dD$5 dkk)+T[[-BC rc|F|jjdrtd|j|}n't dt |t r td|}||j|<y)aAdds a turtle shape to TurtleScreen's shapelist. Arguments: (1) name is the name of a gif-file and shape is None. Installs the corresponding image shape. !! Image-shapes DO NOT rotate when turning the turtle, !! so they do not display the heading of the turtle! (2) name is an arbitrary string and shape is a tuple of pairs of coordinates. Installs the corresponding polygon shape (3) name is an arbitrary string and shape is a (compound) Shape object. Installs the corresponding compound shape. To use a shape, you have to issue the command shape(shapename). call: register_shape("turtle.gif") --or: register_shape("tri", ((0,0), (10,10), (-10,10))) Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.register_shape("triangle", ((5,-3),(0,5),(-5,-3))) Nr5rz;Bad arguments for register_shape. Use help(register_shape)r4)r7r8rrr1rrrz)rnamerls rr$zTurtleScreen.register_shapeKsk. =zz|$$V,gt{{4'89)+HJJ u %)U+E" Trct|dk(r|d}t|tr/|j|s|dk(r|St dt|z |\}}}|jdk(r#|||fDcgc]}td|zc}\}}}d|cxkrdkrnnd|cxkrdkrnn d|cxkrdksnt d t|zd |||fzS#t t f$rt dt|zwxYwcc}w) aReturn color string corresponding to args. Argument may be a string or a tuple of three numbers corresponding to actual colormode, i.e. in the range 0<=n<=colormode. If the argument doesn't represent a color, an error is raised. rrrzbad color string: %sbad color arguments: %sro@bad color sequence: %s #%02x%02x%02x) r rrrr1 TypeErrorrr~round)rr:rgbrs r _colorstrzTurtleScreen._colorstrns  u:?!HE eS !""5)Ub[ )*@3u:*MNN NGAq! ??c !011ay9y!uU1W~y9GAq!a3Q!]s]a3%&>U&KL L!Q** :& N%&?#e*&LM M N:sC0C>'C;c @|jds|St|dk(r dDcgc]}t|||dzd}}n?t|dk(r#|ddDcgc]}dt||dz}}ntd|zt fd |DScc}wcc}w) NrrZ)rrr`rrVrerzbad colorstring: %sc3BK|]}|jzdz yw)rN)r~).0rrs r z&TurtleScreen._color..s 9bQ(,bs)rr rr1r)rcstrr rrs` r_colorzTurtleScreen._colorss#K t9>09: 1#d1QqSk2& B: Y!^/3ABx8x!"Sa"%%xB8%&;d&BC C9b999 ;8s BBcx| |jS|dk(rt||_y|dk(rt||_yy)aqReturn the colormode or set it to 1.0 or 255. Optional argument: cmode -- one of the values 1.0 or 255 r, g, b values of colortriples have to be in range 0..cmode. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.colormode() 1.0 >>> screen.colormode(255) >>> pencolor(240,160,80) Nrr)r~rr)rcmodes rrzTurtleScreen.colormodes< =?? " C<#ElDO c\!%jDOrc||jD]-}|j|j|j/y)zReset all Turtles on the Screen to their initial state. No argument. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.reset() N)r_setmoder|ra)rrs rrazTurtleScreen.resets+mmF OODJJ ' LLN$rc|jS)zReturn the list of turtles on the screen. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.turtles() [] )rrs rr,zTurtleScreen.turtless}}rcz|r|j|}nd}|j|}||j|}|S)aSet or return backgroundcolor of the TurtleScreen. Arguments (if given): a color string or three numbers in the range 0..colormode or a 3-tuple of such numbers. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.bgcolor("orange") >>> screen.bgcolor() 'orange' >>> screen.bgcolor(0.5,0,0.5) >>> screen.bgcolor() '#800080' N)rrrrrXr:s rrzTurtleScreen.bgcolorsA NN4(EE e$  KK&E rc| |jSt||_d|_|t||_|jr|j yy)aeTurns turtle animation on/off and set delay for update drawings. Optional arguments: n -- nonnegative integer delay -- nonnegative integer If n is given, only each n-th regular screen update is really performed. (Can be used to accelerate the drawing of complex graphics.) Second arguments sets delay value (see RawTurtle.delay()) Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.tracer(8, 25) >>> dist = 2 >>> for i in range(200): ... fd(dist) ... rt(90) ... dist += 2 Nr)rrrr}r-)rnrs rr+zTurtleScreen.tracersM& 9== A   "5zD  == KKM rc@| |jSt||_y)z Return or set the drawing delay in milliseconds. Optional argument: delay -- positive integer Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.delay(15) >>> screen.delay() 15 N)r}rrs rrzTurtleScreen.delays! =## #u:rctjsdt_t|jdkDr5|xjdz c_|xj|jzc_yy)zIncrement update counter.TrrN)r _RUNNINGrrrrs r _incrementudczTurtleScreen._incrementudcsP$$$(L !  ==1    1 $    4== 0  rc|j}d|_|jD]"}|j|j$||_|j y)z'Perform a TurtleScreen update. TN)rr, _update_data _drawturtler)rtracingrs rr-zTurtleScreen.update sI-- A NN  MMO    rc(|jdS)z Return the width of the turtle window. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.window_width() 640 rrrs rr/zTurtleScreen.window_width  "1%%rc(|jdS)z Return the height of the turtle window. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.window_height() 480 rrrs rr.zTurtleScreen.window_heightrrc|jS)zReturn the Canvas of this TurtleScreen. No argument. Example (for a Screen instance named screen): >>> cv = screen.getcanvas() >>> cv )rrs rrzTurtleScreen.getcanvas&s wwrcHt|jjS)zReturn a list of names of all currently available turtle shapes. No argument. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.getshapes() ['arrow', 'blank', 'circle', ... , 'turtle'] )sortedrzrrs rrzTurtleScreen.getshapes2sdll'')**rc*|j|||y)aBind fun to mouse-click event on canvas. Arguments: fun -- a function with two arguments, the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas. btn -- the number of the mouse-button, defaults to 1 Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen) >>> screen.onclick(goto) >>> # Subsequently clicking into the TurtleScreen will >>> # make the turtle move to the clicked point. >>> screen.onclick(None) N)rrrrrs rrSzTurtleScreen.onclick=s Cc*rc|*||jvrE|jj|n)||jvr|jj||j||y)amBind fun to key-release event of key. Arguments: fun -- a function with no arguments key -- a string: key (e.g. "a") or key-symbol (e.g. "space") In order to be able to register key-events, TurtleScreen must have focus. (See method listen.) Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> def f(): ... fd(50) ... lt(60) ... >>> screen.onkey(f, "Up") >>> screen.listen() Subsequently the turtle can be moved by repeatedly pressing the up-arrow key, consequently drawing a hexagon N)rremoverrrrrs rrzTurtleScreen.onkeyNsU. ;djj  !!#&  " JJ  c " 3$rc|*||jvrG|jj|n+|)||jvr|jj||j||y)aBind fun to key-press event of key if key is given, or to any key-press-event if no key is given. Arguments: fun -- a function with no arguments key -- a string: key (e.g. "a") or key-symbol (e.g. "space") In order to be able to register key-events, TurtleScreen must have focus. (See method listen.) Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen and a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> def f(): ... fd(50) ... lt(60) ... >>> screen.onkeypress(f, "Up") >>> screen.listen() Subsequently the turtle can be moved by repeatedly pressing the up-arrow key, or by keeping pressed the up-arrow key. consequently drawing a hexagon. N)rrrrrs rr zTurtleScreen.onkeypresslsY2 ;djj  !!#& _DJJ!6 JJ  c " c"rc$|jy)aSet focus on TurtleScreen (in order to collect key-events) No arguments. Dummy arguments are provided in order to be able to pass listen to the onclick method. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.listen() N)r)rxdummyydummys rrzTurtleScreen.listens  rc(|j||y)aInstall a timer, which calls fun after t milliseconds. Arguments: fun -- a function with no arguments. t -- a number >= 0 Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> running = True >>> def f(): ... if running: ... fd(50) ... lt(60) ... screen.ontimer(f, 250) ... >>> f() # makes the turtle marching around >>> running = False N)rrs rr#zTurtleScreen.ontimers& c1rc| |jS||jvr|j||j|<|j|j|j|||_y)aFSet background image or return name of current backgroundimage. Optional argument: picname -- a string, name of a gif-file or "nopic". If picname is a filename, set the corresponding image as background. If picname is "nopic", delete backgroundimage, if present. If picname is None, return the filename of the current backgroundimage. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.bgpic() 'nopic' >>> screen.bgpic("landscape.gif") >>> screen.bgpic() 'landscape.gif' N)rr{rrr)rpicnames rrzTurtleScreen.bgpicsX" ??? " $,, &$(KK$8DLL ! t{{DLL$9:!rc(|j|||S)aResize the canvas the turtles are drawing on. Optional arguments: canvwidth -- positive integer, new width of canvas in pixels canvheight -- positive integer, new height of canvas in pixels bg -- colorstring or color-tuple, new backgroundcolor If no arguments are given, return current (canvaswidth, canvasheight) Do not alter the drawing window. To observe hidden parts of the canvas use the scrollbars. (Can make visible those parts of a drawing, which were outside the canvas before!) Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.screensize(2000,1500) >>> # e.g. to search for an erroneously escaped turtle ;-) )rrJs rr&zTurtleScreen.screensizes"||Iz266rrNNr-rrf)%rrrrrrr/r6rr(r$rrrrar,rr+rrr-r/r.rrrSrr rr#rr&r"r%rrr!rrrr r s H $V  ,DM&FP< D%N!#F+6 :)* .8 &1 &&  ++"%<#@ *"07&MKKHLrr cLeZdZdZeddeddedddZdZdZdZefdZ d Z d*d Z d Z d+d Z dZdZdZdZd,dddedd fdZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZd*dZdZd Zd!Zd*d"Zd*d#Z d$Z!d%Z"d,d&Z#d-d'Z$d,d(Z%d*d)Z&eZ'eZ(eZ)eZ*eZ+eZ,eZ-eZ.e"Z/y ). TNavigatorzRNavigation part of the RawTurtle. Implements methods for turtle movement. r)rrrrrrc|j|_|j|_||_d|_|j d|_|j|tj|yr) DEFAULT_ANGLEOFFSET _angleOffsetDEFAULT_ANGLEORIENT _angleOrientr| undobufferr;rrrars rr/zTNavigator.__init__sV 44 44    drcjtdd|_tj|j|_y)zXreset turtle to its initial values Will be overwritten by parent class rN)r _positionrSTART_ORIENTATIONr|_orientrs rrazTNavigator.resets' sC"44TZZ@ rNc| |jS|dvry||_|dvrd|_d|_y|jdz |_d|_y)z:Set turtle-mode to 'standard', 'world' or 'logo'. Nr)rrrr@r)r|rr _fullcirclers rrzTNavigator._setmodesZ <::  4 4  ( ( !D  !D  $ 0 0 3D  "D rch||_d|z |_|jdk(rd|_y|dz |_y)z+Helper function for degrees() and radians()ihrrrN)r _degreesPerAUr|rr fullcircles r_setDegreesPerAUzTNavigator._setDegreesPerAU s6% ^ :: # !D  *2 D rc&|j|y)a> Set angle measurement units to degrees. Optional argument: fullcircle - a number Set angle measurement units, i. e. set number of 'degrees' for a full circle. Default value is 360 degrees. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.left(90) >>> turtle.heading() 90 Change angle measurement unit to grad (also known as gon, grade, or gradian and equals 1/100-th of the right angle.) >>> turtle.degrees(400.0) >>> turtle.heading() 100 N)rrs rr;zTNavigator.degreess, j)rcB|jtjy)a Set the angle measurement units to radians. No arguments. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.heading() 90 >>> turtle.radians() >>> turtle.heading() 1.5707963267948966 N)rrtaurs rr_zTNavigator.radians,s dhh'rc^|j|j|zz}|j|y)z)move turtle forward by specified distanceN)rr_goto)rr<endes r_gozTNavigator._go:s%~~ x 77 4rcb||jz}|jj||_y)z=Turn turtle counterclockwise by specified angle if angle > 0.N)rrrrrs r_rotatezTNavigator._rotate?s( ###||**51 rc||_y)zmove turtle to position end.Nr)rends rrzTNavigator._gotoDs rFfill_gaprreturncr||n|jd}||n|jd}t|||_y)zPTo be overwritten by child class RawTurtle. Includes no TPen references.Nrr)rr)rrrrnew_xnew_ys rrtzTNavigator.teleportHs:]q(9]q(9ue,rc&|j|y)aMove the turtle forward by the specified distance. Aliases: forward | fd Argument: distance -- a number (integer or float) Move the turtle forward by the specified distance, in the direction the turtle is headed. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.position() (0.00, 0.00) >>> turtle.forward(25) >>> turtle.position() (25.00,0.00) >>> turtle.forward(-75) >>> turtle.position() (-50.00,0.00) Nrrr<s rrDzTNavigator.forwardOs* rc(|j| y)aMove the turtle backward by distance. Aliases: back | backward | bk Argument: distance -- a number Move the turtle backward by distance, opposite to the direction the turtle is headed. Do not change the turtle's heading. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.position() (0.00, 0.00) >>> turtle.backward(30) >>> turtle.position() (-30.00, 0.00) Nrrs rr0zTNavigator.backfs$ (rc(|j| y)aTurn turtle right by angle units. Aliases: right | rt Argument: angle -- a number (integer or float) Turn turtle right by angle units. (Units are by default degrees, but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.) Angle orientation depends on mode. (See this.) Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.heading() 22.0 >>> turtle.right(45) >>> turtle.heading() 337.0 Nrrs rr`zTNavigator.rightzs& eVrc&|j|y)aTurn turtle left by angle units. Aliases: left | lt Argument: angle -- a number (integer or float) Turn turtle left by angle units. (Units are by default degrees, but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.) Angle orientation depends on mode. (See this.) Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.heading() 22.0 >>> turtle.left(45) >>> turtle.heading() 67.0 Nrrs rrQzTNavigator.lefts& Urc|jS)zReturn the turtle's current location (x,y), as a Vec2D-vector. Aliases: pos | position No arguments. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.pos() (0.00, 240.00) rrs rr\zTNavigator.poss~~rc |jdS)z Return the turtle's x coordinate. No arguments. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> reset() >>> turtle.left(60) >>> turtle.forward(100) >>> print(turtle.xcor()) 50.0 rrrs rr~zTNavigator.xcor~~a  rc |jdS)a  Return the turtle's y coordinate --- No arguments. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> reset() >>> turtle.left(60) >>> turtle.forward(100) >>> print(turtle.ycor()) 86.6025403784 rrrs rrzTNavigator.ycorr rcn||jt|y|jt||y)atMove turtle to an absolute position. Aliases: setpos | setposition | goto: Arguments: x -- a number or a pair/vector of numbers y -- a number None call: goto(x, y) # two coordinates --or: goto((x, y)) # a pair (tuple) of coordinates --or: goto(vec) # e.g. as returned by pos() Move turtle to an absolute position. If the pen is down, a line will be drawn. The turtle's orientation does not change. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> tp = turtle.pos() >>> tp (0.00, 0.00) >>> turtle.setpos(60,30) >>> turtle.pos() (60.00,30.00) >>> turtle.setpos((20,80)) >>> turtle.pos() (20.00,80.00) >>> turtle.setpos(tp) >>> turtle.pos() (0.00,0.00) N)rr)rrrs rrJzTNavigator.gotos+< 9 JJuay ! JJuQ{ #rcJ|jdd|jdy)a$Move turtle to the origin - coordinates (0,0). No arguments. Move turtle to the origin - coordinates (0,0) and set its heading to its start-orientation (which depends on mode). Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.home() rN)rJrers rrMzTNavigator.homes !Q rcT|jt||jdy)aSet the turtle's first coordinate to x Argument: x -- a number (integer or float) Set the turtle's first coordinate to x, leave second coordinate unchanged. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.position() (0.00, 240.00) >>> turtle.setx(10) >>> turtle.position() (10.00, 240.00) rNrrr)rrs rrjzTNavigator.setxs 5DNN1-./rcT|jt|jd|y)aSet the turtle's second coordinate to y Argument: y -- a number (integer or float) Set the turtle's first coordinate to x, second coordinate remains unchanged. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.position() (0.00, 40.00) >>> turtle.sety(-10) >>> turtle.position() (0.00, -10.00) rNr)rrs rrkzTNavigator.setys 5*A./rc| t||}t|tr|}n5t|tr t|}nt|tr |j}t |jz S)aReturn the distance from the turtle to (x,y) in turtle step units. Arguments: x -- a number or a pair/vector of numbers or a turtle instance y -- a number None None call: distance(x, y) # two coordinates --or: distance((x, y)) # a pair (tuple) of coordinates --or: distance(vec) # e.g. as returned by pos() --or: distance(mypen) # where mypen is another turtle Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.pos() (0.00, 0.00) >>> turtle.distance(30,40) 50.0 >>> pen = Turtle() >>> pen.forward(77) >>> turtle.distance(pen) 77.0 )rrrrrabs)rrrr\s rr<zTNavigator.distance#s], =1+C a C 5 !)C : &++C3'((rc| t||}t|tr|}n5t|tr t|}nt|tr |j}|jz \}}t t jt j||ddz}||jz}|j|j|zz|jzS)aCReturn the angle of the line from the turtle's position to (x, y). Arguments: x -- a number or a pair/vector of numbers or a turtle instance y -- a number None None call: distance(x, y) # two coordinates --or: distance((x, y)) # a pair (tuple) of coordinates --or: distance(vec) # e.g. as returned by pos() --or: distance(mypen) # where mypen is another turtle Return the angle, between the line from turtle-position to position specified by x, y and the turtle's start orientation. (Depends on modes - "standard" or "logo") Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.pos() (10.00, 10.00) >>> turtle.towards(0,0) 225.0 rv@) rrrrrrrr;atan2rrrr)rrrr\results rrwzTNavigator.towardsCs, =1+C a C 5 !)C : &++CT^^#1t||DJJq!$45r:UB$$$$!!D$5$5f$<<@P@PPPrc|j\}}ttjtj||ddz}||j z}|j |j|zz|jzS)z Return the turtle's current heading. No arguments. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.left(67) >>> turtle.heading() 67.0 rr) rrrr;rrrrr)rrrrs rrKzTNavigator.headingfsm||1t||DJJq!$45r:UB$$$$!!D$5$5f$<<@P@PPPrc||jz |jz}|j}||dz z|z|dz z }|j|y)aSet the orientation of the turtle to to_angle. Aliases: setheading | seth Argument: to_angle -- a number (integer or float) Set the orientation of the turtle to to_angle. Here are some common directions in degrees: standard - mode: logo-mode: -------------------|-------------------- 0 - east 0 - north 90 - north 90 - east 180 - west 180 - south 270 - south 270 - west Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.setheading(90) >>> turtle.heading() 90 @N)rKrrr)rto_anglerfulls rrezTNavigator.setheadingusQ.DLLN*D,=,==tBw$tBw. Urc |jr-|jjdgd|j_|j}| |j}|Bt ||jz }dt tdt |dz zd|zz}d|z|z }d |z}d |ztjtj||jzz}|d kr | | | }}}|j} |j} |d k(r|jd d n|jd |j|t|D]F} |j||j!||jd |j|H|j| |d k(r|j| | |j||jrd |j_yy) a Draw a circle with given radius. Arguments: radius -- a number extent (optional) -- a number steps (optional) -- an integer Draw a circle with given radius. The center is radius units left of the turtle; extent - an angle - determines which part of the circle is drawn. If extent is not given, draw the entire circle. If extent is not a full circle, one endpoint of the arc is the current pen position. Draw the arc in counterclockwise direction if radius is positive, otherwise in clockwise direction. Finally the direction of the turtle is changed by the amount of extent. As the circle is approximated by an inscribed regular polygon, steps determines the number of steps to use. If not given, it will be calculated automatically. Maybe used to draw regular polygons. call: circle(radius) # full circle --or: circle(radius, extent) # arc --or: circle(radius, extent, steps) --or: circle(radius, steps=6) # 6-sided polygon Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.circle(50) >>> turtle.circle(120, 180) # semicircle seqTNr g@gM@rrrrF)rrHrErqrrrminrrr_r_tracerrrr r) rradiusextentstepsrqfracrw2ltrdlr s rr5zTNavigator.circles< ?? OO % )'+DOO $  >%%F =v;t///Dc#bVS0$7<==E &L5  1W &L488DLL$4T5G5G$GH H A:rA2s"qA \\^ [[] A: LLA  JJqM RuA JJu  HHQK JJqM LLO  bS A: LLR  5 ??',DOO $ rcyz/dummy method - to be overwritten by child classNr)rrs rrqzTNavigator.speedrcyr*r)rars rr zTNavigator._tracerr+rcyr*r)rrs rrzTNavigator._delayr+rr)rrr)0rrrrrr DEFAULT_MODErrr/rarrr;r_rrrboolrtrDr0r`rQr\r~rrJrMrjrkr<rwrKrer5rqr rrAr4r1rcrRr]rfrgrdrrrrrs#sO#sO#sO'L(A #.*0 ( 2 -5-D-T-.(**  ! !!$F 0$0$)@!QF Q8=-B>>> B BH B BH FK DrrceZdZdZedfdZededfdZddZdd Zd Z d Z d Z dd Z dZ dZdZddddeddfdZdZdZdZddZd dZd!dZdZdZeZe Ze Ze Ze ZeZeZ y)"TPenzFDrawing part of the RawTurtle. Implements drawing properties. rbcJ||_d|_tj|yr) _resizemoderr2_reset)rrbs rr/z TPen.__init__s% DrrXrBcd|_d|_||_||_d|_d|_d|_d|_d|_d|_ d|_ y)NrTr)rrr)rrrr) _pensize_shown _pencolor _fillcolor_drawing_speed_stretchfactor _shearfactor_tilt _shapetrafo _outlinewidth)rrXrBs rr5z TPen._resetsS  !#  & +rNcn| |jS|j}|dvr|j|yy)azSet resizemode to one of the values: "auto", "user", "noresize". (Optional) Argument: rmode -- one of the strings "auto", "user", "noresize" Different resizemodes have the following effects: - "auto" adapts the appearance of the turtle corresponding to the value of pensize. - "user" adapts the appearance of the turtle according to the values of stretchfactor and outlinewidth (outline), which are set by shapesize() - "noresize" no adaption of the turtle's appearance takes place. If no argument is given, return current resizemode. resizemode("user") is called by a call of shapesize with arguments. Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.resizemode("noresize") >>> turtle.resizemode() 'noresize' N)autouserrrb)r4r7rW)rrmodes rrbzTPen.resizemodes<, =## #  0 0 HHH & 1rcD| |jS|j|y)a!Set or return the line thickness. Aliases: pensize | width Argument: width -- positive number Set the line thickness to width or return it. If resizemode is set to "auto" and turtleshape is a polygon, that polygon is drawn with the same line thickness. If no argument is given, current pensize is returned. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.pensize() 1 >>> turtle.pensize(10) # from here on lines of width 10 are drawn N)rZ)r7rW)rr|s rrZz TPen.pensizes!$ ===  rcB|jsy|jdy)zPull the pen up -- no drawing when moving. Aliases: penup | pu | up No argument Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.penup() NFrYr;rWrs rr[z TPen.penup.s}}  rcB|jry|jdy)zPull the pen down -- drawing when moving. Aliases: pendown | pd | down No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.pendown() NTrIrJrs rrYz TPen.pendown<s ==  rc|jS)aReturn True if pen is down, False if it's up. No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.penup() >>> turtle.isdown() False >>> turtle.pendown() >>> turtle.isdown() True )r;rs rrOz TPen.isdownJs}}rcdddddd}| |jS||vr||}n%d|cxkrd krnntt|}nd}|j| y) a Return or set the turtle's speed. Optional argument: speed -- an integer in the range 0..10 or a speedstring (see below) Set the turtle's speed to an integer value in the range 0 .. 10. If no argument is given: return current speed. If input is a number greater than 10 or smaller than 0.5, speed is set to 0. Speedstrings are mapped to speedvalues in the following way: 'fastest' : 0 'fast' : 10 'normal' : 6 'slow' : 3 'slowest' : 1 speeds from 1 to 10 enforce increasingly faster animation of line drawing and turtle turning. Attention: speed = 0 : *no* animation takes place. forward/back makes turtle jump and likewise left/right make the turtle turn instantly. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.speed(3) rrrfrr)fastestfastnormalslowslowestNrg%@)rq)r<rrrW)rrqspeedss rrqz TPen.speedYsa6b1Q!M =;;  F?5ME 5 4 e %EE urc6|rbt|}|dk(r|dx}}n|dk(r|\}}n |dk(r|x}}|j}|j}|j||y|j|j|j|j fS)aReturn or set the pencolor and fillcolor. Arguments: Several input formats are allowed. They use 0, 1, 2, or 3 arguments as follows: color() Return the current pencolor and the current fillcolor as a pair of color specification strings as are returned by pencolor and fillcolor. color(colorstring), color((r,g,b)), color(r,g,b) inputs as in pencolor, set both, fillcolor and pencolor, to the given value. color(colorstring1, colorstring2), color((r1,g1,b1), (r2,g2,b2)) equivalent to pencolor(colorstring1) and fillcolor(colorstring2) and analogously, if the other input format is used. If turtleshape is a polygon, outline and interior of that polygon is drawn with the newly set colors. For more info see: pencolor, fillcolor Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.color('red', 'green') >>> turtle.color() ('red', 'green') >>> colormode(255) >>> color((40, 80, 120), (160, 200, 240)) >>> color() ('#285078', '#a0c8f0') rrrr)rXrBN)r rrWrr9r:)rrXr&pcolorfcolors rr:z TPen.colors@ D AAv"&q')a!%a"&&^^F+F^^F+F HHfH 7;;t~~. DOO0LL Lrc|r4|j|}||jk(ry|j|y|j|jS)aZ Return or set the pencolor. Arguments: Four input formats are allowed: - pencolor() Return the current pencolor as color specification string, possibly in hex-number format (see example). May be used as input to another color/pencolor/fillcolor call. - pencolor(colorstring) s is a Tk color specification string, such as "red" or "yellow" - pencolor((r, g, b)) *a tuple* of r, g, and b, which represent, an RGB color, and each of r, g, and b are in the range 0..colormode, where colormode is either 1.0 or 255 - pencolor(r, g, b) r, g, and b represent an RGB color, and each of r, g, and b are in the range 0..colormode If turtleshape is a polygon, the outline of that polygon is drawn with the newly set pencolor. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.pencolor('brown') >>> tup = (0.2, 0.8, 0.55) >>> turtle.pencolor(tup) >>> turtle.pencolor() '#33cc8c' N)rX)rr9rWrrs rrXz TPen.pencolorsE: NN4(E& HHeH $;;t~~. .rc|r4|j|}||jk(ry|j|y|j|jS)a] Return or set the fillcolor. Arguments: Four input formats are allowed: - fillcolor() Return the current fillcolor as color specification string, possibly in hex-number format (see example). May be used as input to another color/pencolor/fillcolor call. - fillcolor(colorstring) s is a Tk color specification string, such as "red" or "yellow" - fillcolor((r, g, b)) *a tuple* of r, g, and b, which represent, an RGB color, and each of r, g, and b are in the range 0..colormode, where colormode is either 1.0 or 255 - fillcolor(r, g, b) r, g, and b represent an RGB color, and each of r, g, and b are in the range 0..colormode If turtleshape is a polygon, the interior of that polygon is drawn with the newly set fillcolor. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.fillcolor('violet') >>> col = turtle.pencolor() >>> turtle.fillcolor(col) >>> turtle.fillcolor(0, .5, 0) N)rB)rr:rWrrs rrBzTPen.fillcolorsE8 NN4(E' HHuH %;;t/ /rFrrrcp|j}|r|jd|j|y)z_To be overwritten by child class RawTurtle. Includes no TNavigator references. FrIN)rOrW)rrrrrYs rrtz TPen.teleports.++-  HHUH # !rc(|jdy)zMakes the turtle visible. Aliases: showturtle | st No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.hideturtle() >>> turtle.showturtle() TshownNrWrs rrpzTPen.showturtles trc(|jdy)aYMakes the turtle invisible. Aliases: hideturtle | ht No argument. It's a good idea to do this while you're in the middle of a complicated drawing, because hiding the turtle speeds up the drawing observably. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.hideturtle() Fr[Nr]rs rrLzTPen.hideturtle s urc|jS)zReturn True if the Turtle is shown, False if it's hidden. No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.hideturtle() >>> print(turtle.isvisible()) False )r8rs rrPzTPen.isvisible s{{rc |j|j|j|j|j|j |j |j|j|j|jd }|s|s|St|tr|}ni}|j|i}|D] }||||< |jr|jjd|fd}d|vr|j|dk7rd}d|vr?t|dt r|j#|df|d<|j|dk7rd}d|vr|j|dk7rd}|r|j%d|vr |d|_d|vr |d|_d|vr |d|_d|vr5t|dt r|j#|df|d<|d|_d |vr |d |_d |vr |d |_d |vr&|d }t|t&t(fr||f}||_d |vr |d |_d |vr |d |_ d|vr |d|_d|vr |d|_ d |vsd|vsd |vr}|j\} } |j} t+j,|jt+j.|j} } | | z| | | z| zz| | z| | | | zz zf|_|j3y)aLReturn or set the pen's attributes. Arguments: pen -- a dictionary with some or all of the below listed keys. **pendict -- one or more keyword-arguments with the below listed keys as keywords. Return or set the pen's attributes in a 'pen-dictionary' with the following key/value pairs: "shown" : True/False "pendown" : True/False "pencolor" : color-string or color-tuple "fillcolor" : color-string or color-tuple "pensize" : positive number "speed" : number in range 0..10 "resizemode" : "auto" or "user" or "noresize" "stretchfactor": (positive number, positive number) "shearfactor": number "outline" : positive number "tilt" : number This dictionary can be used as argument for a subsequent pen()-call to restore the former pen-state. Moreover one or more of these attributes can be provided as keyword-arguments. This can be used to set several pen attributes in one statement. Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.pen(fillcolor="black", pencolor="red", pensize=10) >>> turtle.pen() {'pensize': 10, 'shown': True, 'resizemode': 'auto', 'outline': 1, 'pencolor': 'red', 'pendown': True, 'fillcolor': 'black', 'stretchfactor': (1,1), 'speed': 3, 'shearfactor': 0.0} >>> penstate=turtle.pen() >>> turtle.color("yellow","") >>> turtle.penup() >>> turtle.pen() {'pensize': 10, 'shown': True, 'resizemode': 'auto', 'outline': 1, 'pencolor': 'yellow', 'pendown': False, 'fillcolor': '', 'stretchfactor': (1,1), 'speed': 3, 'shearfactor': 0.0} >>> p.pen(penstate, fillcolor="green") >>> p.pen() {'pensize': 10, 'shown': True, 'resizemode': 'auto', 'outline': 1, 'pencolor': 'red', 'pendown': True, 'fillcolor': 'green', 'stretchfactor': (1,1), 'speed': 3, 'shearfactor': 0.0} ) r\rYrXrBrZrqrb stretchfactorrorrurWFrYTrXrZrBrqrbrarorr\ruN)r8r;r9r:r7r<r4r=r>rAr?rdictr-rrHrr_newLinerrrrrr@r)rrWpendict_pdp_p_bufrnewLinesfscxscyshfsacas rrWzTPen.pen( s^#'++"&--"&.."&//"&--"&++"&"2"2"&"5"5"&"3"3"&"4"4"&** wJ c4 AA Cc(F3K ?? OO % 1 >}}) , ?!J-/ $* /? @* ~~:. >}}) ,  MMO >iLDM ?z]DN >iLDM ! !K.%0!%;0A!B+ nDO a<G*DK 1  D  a ?#B"sEl+"X"$D  A  !- 0D  >!"9D  a<G*DK Q;6DJ a 6Q;-12D**HC##CXXdjj)488DJJ+?B!$Rc"frk):!$Rb3r6k): rrrNrrrr2r2s#'|"4 #:.#K0 '8 .    $L,M\#/J"0H"5"D"T"  {~>>>> E B B B D B Brr2ceZdZdZdZdZy) _TurtleImagez6Helper class: Datatype to store Turtle attributes cB||_d|_|j|yr)rr _setshape)rr shapeIndexs rr/z_TurtleImage.__init__ s   z"rc6|j}||_|jdcxk(r|j|jk(ry|jdcxk(r|j|jk(ry|jdvr|j |j n1|jdk(r"|j D]}|j ||j|j|_|jdk(r|j |_y|jdk(r.|j|jdj|_y|jdk(r;|j|jDcgc]}|j c}|_yycc}w)Nr4r)rr4r6r) rr{rrzr_itemrrr9)rr{rrs rrzz_TurtleImage._setshape sV$ :: FfnnZ&@&F&F F  G :: DFNN:$>$D$D D  E ::- - NN4:: & ZZ: % t$#^^J/55 :: "++-DJ ZZ7 ",,V^^G-D-J-JKDJ ZZ: %*0..*D*J*JL*J48&,,.*JLDJ&Ls5FN)rrrrr/rzrrrrxrx s# LrrxceZdZdZgZdedededfdZdZdZd Z d Z d Z d Z d Z ddZd=dZdZd=dZdZd?dZdZd Zd@d!Zd"Zd#Z d$Z!d%Z"d=d&Z#d'Z$d(Z%d)Z&dAd*Z'd+Z(d,Z)d-Z*d=d.Z+d/Z,dBd0Z-d1Z.d2Z/d3Z0d4Z1d5Z2e2Z3d=d6Z4dCd7Z5dCd8Z6dCd9Z7d:Z8d;Z9eZ:y)Dr zvAnimation part of the RawTurtle. Puts RawTurtle upon a TurtleScreen and provides tools for its animation. Nrlrrc t|tr||_nt|tr9|tj vrtj j |||_nt|ttfrgtj D]}|j|k(s||_nIt||_tj j |jntd|z|j}tj||jtj||jj ||j!|_t%|||_d|_d|_dx|_|_||_d|_|j!|_|j6g|_|j4g|_g|_||_tA||_!|jEy)Nzbad canvas argument %sF)#r_Screenrr r screensrrr2rr1rr/rr2rrdrawingLineItemrxr_poly _creatingPoly _fillitem _fillpathr8_hidden_from_screencurrentLineItemr currentLiner stampItems_undobuffersizer@rr)rcanvasrlrrrs rr/zRawTurtle.__init__ s fg & DK  -Y...!!((0 DK  8 9#++99&"(DK, +62 !!((5%&>&GH HD&++-0 dt$%113"651  "*.. #( %113 NN+**+ -!.1 rctj|tj||j |j |j y)aDelete the turtle's drawings and restore its default values. No argument. Delete the turtle's drawings from the screen, re-center the turtle and set variables to the default values. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.position() (0.00,-22.00) >>> turtle.heading() 100.0 >>> turtle.reset() >>> turtle.position() (0.00,0.00) >>> turtle.heading() 0.0 N)rrar2r5_clearrrrs rrazRawTurtle.reset s<&  D   rcB||dkrd|_yt||_y)aSet or disable undobuffer. Argument: size -- an integer or None If size is an integer an empty undobuffer of given size is installed. Size gives the maximum number of turtle-actions that can be undone by the undo() function. If size is None, no undobuffer is present. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.setundobuffer(42) Nr)rr@)rsizes rrizRawTurtle.setundobuffer s! <419"DO%dmDOrcP|jy|jjS)zReturn count of entries in the undobuffer. No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> while undobufferentries(): ... undo() r)rrMrs rrzzRawTurtle.undobufferentries3 s$ ?? "**,,rcdx|_|_|jD]}|jj ||jj |_g|_|jr%|jj|j|j g|_|j|j|jy)zDelete all of pen's drawingsN)rrrrrrrrr;rrr8rirrs rrzRawTurtle._clear@ s*..JJD KK   %#{{668 ==    # #DNN 3**+   4//0rcD|j|jy)agDelete the turtle's drawings from the screen. Do not move turtle. No arguments. Delete the turtle's drawings from the screen. Do not move turtle. State and position of the turtle as well as drawings of other turtles are not affected. Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.clear() N)rrrs rr6zRawTurtle.clearN s  rc*|jj|jjdk7ryt|jdkDrG|jj |j |j|j|jyyr) rrrr rrrr9r7rs rrzRawTurtle._update_data] so !!# ;; % % *  t  " KK ! !$"6"68H8H"&..$-- A #rc|j}|jdk(ry|jdk(rL|j|j|j |j |j y|j|jdk(r6|jD]}|j|j yy)z&Perform a Turtle-data update. rNr) rrrrrrr}rr,)rrrs rrzRawTurtle._updatee s ??a   __ !         NN  MM&,, -    $$))AMMO* *rc:|jj||S)amTurns turtle animation on/off and set delay for update drawings. Optional arguments: n -- nonnegative integer delay -- nonnegative integer If n is given, only each n-th regular screen update is really performed. (Can be used to accelerate the drawing of complex graphics.) Second arguments sets delay value (see RawTurtle.delay()) Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.tracer(8, 25) >>> dist = 2 >>> for i in range(200): ... turtle.fd(dist) ... turtle.rt(90) ... dist += 2 )rr+)rflagrs rr zRawTurtle._tracerw s&{{!!$..rc8|jj|Sr)rrrWs rrzRawTurtle._color s{{!!$''rc8|jj|Sr)rrrWs rrzRawTurtle._colorstr s{{$$T**rct|tr|S |\}}}|j j dk(r#|||fDcgc]}td|zc}\}}}d|cxkrdkrnnd|cxkrdkrnn d|cxkrdksnt dt|zd|||fzS#ttf$rt dt|zwxYwcc}w)z,Convert colortriples to hexstrings. rrrrrrr)rrrrr1rr~r)rrXrrrrs r_ccz RawTurtle._cc s dC K MGAq! ;; ! !S (011ay9y!uU1W~y9GAq!a3Q!]s]a3%&>T&JK K!Q** :& M%&?#d)&KL L M:sBC'CFrrrcR|j}|j}|r|jd|r|s|j||n|jd}||n|jd}t |||_|j||r|s|j yyy)aZInstantly move turtle to an absolute position. Arguments: x -- a number or None y -- a number None fill_gap -- a boolean This argument must be specified by name. call: teleport(x, y) # two coordinates --or: teleport(x) # teleport to x position, keeping y as is --or: teleport(y=y) # teleport to y position, keeping x as is --or: teleport(x, y, fill_gap=True) # teleport but fill the gap in between Move turtle to an absolute position. Unlike goto(x, y), a line will not be drawn. The turtle's orientation does not change. If currently filling, the polygon(s) teleported from will be filled after leaving, and filling will begin again after teleporting. This can be disabled with fill_gap=True, which makes the imaginary line traveled during teleporting act as a fill barrier like in goto(x, y). Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> tp = turtle.pos() >>> tp (0.00,0.00) >>> turtle.teleport(60) >>> turtle.pos() (60.00,0.00) >>> turtle.teleport(y=10) >>> turtle.pos() (60.00,10.00) >>> turtle.teleport(20, 30) >>> turtle.pos() (20.00,30.00) FrINrr)rOrCrWr?rrr2)rrrrrY was_fillingrrs rrtzRawTurtle.teleport sF++-lln  HHUH # x MMO]q(9]q(9ue, ! x OO  (;rct|j}|j|j|j}d|_d|_t |}||_||_||_t ||jj |_|jj||j|jj j}|dk(r |j|j_ n|dk(r8|j|jdj|j_ n]|dk(rX|j|jj jDcgc]}|jc}|j_ |j|_|j#|Scc}w)aCreate and return a clone of the turtle. No argument. Create and return a clone of the turtle with same position, heading and turtle properties. Example (for a Turtle instance named mick): mick = Turtle() joe = mick.clone() Nr4rrr6)rrcr;rrrxr{rrrzrrr}rr9rrr)rrrqttypers rr9zRawTurtle.clone sW dmm$  TN   (>(>?q!t{{556<< I #//1AHHN g #001H1N1NOAHHN j $nnT[[-C-CDJJLJ8>> turtle.shape() 'arrow' >>> turtle.shape("turtle") >>> turtle.shape() 'turtle' NzThere is no shape named %s)rr{rrr1rzr)rrs rrlzRawTurtle.shape sZ( <;;)) )t{{,,..%&BT&IJ J d# rc(||cxur|cxur!nn|j\}}|||jfS|dk(s|dk(r td| |||f}n%||f}n ||jd|f}n |j}| |j}|jd||y)aOSet/return turtle's stretchfactors/outline. Set resizemode to "user". Optional arguments: stretch_wid : positive number stretch_len : positive number outline : positive number Return or set the pen's attributes x/y-stretchfactors and/or outline. Set resizemode to "user". If and only if resizemode is set to "user", the turtle will be displayed stretched according to its stretchfactors: stretch_wid is stretchfactor perpendicular to orientation stretch_len is stretchfactor in direction of turtles orientation. outline determines the width of the shapes's outline. Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.resizemode("user") >>> turtle.shapesize(5, 5, 12) >>> turtle.shapesize(outline=8) Nrz(stretch_wid/stretch_len must not be zerorD)rbrar)r=rAr1rW)r stretch_wid stretch_lenrras rrmzRawTurtle.shapesize s* + 8 8'+':': $K T-?-?? ? ! {a/%&PQ Q  "" +[ 8 +[ 8  $ //2K?M //M ?((G F,g  ?rcF| |jS|jd|y)aSet or return the current shearfactor. Optional argument: shear -- number, tangent of the shear angle Shear the turtleshape according to the given shearfactor shear, which is the tangent of the shear angle. DO NOT change the turtle's heading (direction of movement). If shear is not given: return the current shearfactor, i. e. the tangent of the shear angle, by which lines parallel to the heading of the turtle are sheared. Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.shape("circle") >>> turtle.shapesize(5,2) >>> turtle.shearfactor(0.5) >>> turtle.shearfactor() >>> 0.5 NrD)rbro)r>rW)rshears rrozRawTurtle.shearfactor< s%& =$$ $ F6rcVtjddd|j|y)a{Rotate the turtleshape to point in the specified direction Argument: angle -- number Rotate the turtleshape to point in the direction specified by angle, regardless of its current tilt-angle. DO NOT change the turtle's heading (direction of movement). Deprecated since Python 3.1 Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.shape("circle") >>> turtle.shapesize(5,2) >>> turtle.settiltangle(45) >>> turtle.stamp() >>> turtle.fd(50) >>> turtle.settiltangle(-45) >>> turtle.stamp() >>> turtle.fd(50) zturtle.RawTurtle.settiltangle()zn{name!r} is deprecated since Python 3.1 and scheduled for removal in Python {remove}. Use tiltangle() instead.)r )rN)warnings _deprecatedrvrs rrhzRawTurtle.settiltangleS s,* >X$+ - urcF|Itj|j |jz}||jz |j zS| |jz|jz}tj |tjz}|jd|y)aSet or return the current tilt-angle. Optional argument: angle -- number Rotate the turtleshape to point in the direction specified by angle, regardless of its current tilt-angle. DO NOT change the turtle's heading (direction of movement). If angle is not given: return the current tilt-angle, i. e. the angle between the orientation of the turtleshape and the heading of the turtle (its direction of movement). (Incorrectly marked as deprecated since Python 3.1, it is really settiltangle that is deprecated.) Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.shape("circle") >>> turtle.shapesize(5, 2) >>> turtle.tiltangle() 0.0 >>> turtle.tiltangle(45) >>> turtle.tiltangle() 45.0 >>> turtle.stamp() >>> turtle.fd(50) >>> turtle.tiltangle(-45) >>> turtle.tiltangle() 315.0 >>> turtle.stamp() >>> turtle.fd(50) NrD)rbru) rr;r?rrrr_rrW)rrrus rrvzRawTurtle.tiltanglen s> =LL,,t/@/@@D4---1A1AA A6D...1B1BBD<<%0D HHTH 2rcH|j||jzy)aRotate the turtleshape by angle. Argument: angle - a number Rotate the turtleshape by angle from its current tilt-angle, but do NOT change the turtle's heading (direction of movement). Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.shape("circle") >>> turtle.shapesize(5,2) >>> turtle.tilt(30) >>> turtle.fd(50) >>> turtle.tilt(30) >>> turtle.fd(50) N)rvrs rruzRawTurtle.tilt s" ut~~//0rc$||cxur|cxur|cxur |jS|j\}}}}||}||}||}||}||z||zz dk(r td||||f|_tj| |tjz} tj | tj | } } | |z| |zz | |z| |zz | |z| |zz| |z| |zzf\} } }}| |f|_| |z |_| |_ |jdy)aSet or return the current transformation matrix of the turtle shape. Optional arguments: t11, t12, t21, t22 -- numbers. If none of the matrix elements are given, return the transformation matrix. Otherwise set the given elements and transform the turtleshape according to the matrix consisting of first row t11, t12 and second row t21, 22. Modify stretchfactor, shearfactor and tiltangle according to the given matrix. Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.shape("square") >>> turtle.shapesize(4,2) >>> turtle.shearfactor(-0.5) >>> turtle.shapetransform() (4.0, -1.0, -0.0, 2.0) Nrz0Bad shape transform matrix: must not be singularrDrE) r@r1rrrrrr=r>r?rW)rt11t12t21t22m11m12m21m22alfarmrna11a12a21a22s rrnzRawTurtle.shapetransform s=( # + + +## # ,!--S#s ?#C ?#C ?#C ?#C 9sSy A %%&XY Yc3/zz3$$txx/$$B fr#vor#v3 fr#vor#v3@S#s!3hG  F#rc j|j}|j\}}|j\}}t|||jz|j z }dt |z |z\}}|D cgc]<\}} |||z|| zz|j z z|| |z|| zz|jz zf>c} }Scc} }w)zlComputes transformed polygon shapes from a shape according to current position and heading. r)rrrrrrr) rr=rp0p1e0e1errs r _polytrafozRawTurtle._polytrafo sBB "b6==(6==8 9A,!#BIMOIMv1RT"Q$Y --rB3q5A:v}}2L/LMIMO OOs*AB/c|jj|jj}|jdk(r)|j |j |jdk(Sy)a@Return the current shape polygon as tuple of coordinate pairs. No argument. Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.shape("square") >>> turtle.shapetransform(4, -1, 0, 2) >>> turtle.get_shapepoly() ((50, -20), (30, 20), (-50, 20), (-30, -20)) r4r6N)rrzrr{r _getshapepolyr9)rrls rrHzRawTurtle.get_shapepoly sS ##DKK$:$:; ;;) #%%ekk5;;*3LM M $rc|jdk(s|r|j\nE|jdk(r%td|jdz }|dd|f\n|jdk(r|St fd|DS)z`Calculate transformed shape polygon according to resizemode and shapetransform. rDrCrg@rrc3PK|]\}}|z|zz|z|zzfywrr)rrrrrrrs rrz*RawTurtle._getshapepoly.. s3J'Ac!ec!emSUSU]3's#&)r4r@maxr7r)rr4r6r&rrrrs @@@@rrzRawTurtle._getshapepoly s   v %!%!1!1 Cc3    'At}}S()A!"Aq! Cc3    +NJ'JJJrc |j}|j|jj}|j}|jj }|j rd|jdk(rT|jdkDrDd|_ |j}|dk(r|jdk(rd}n(|jdk(r |j}n |j}|j|j|}|j |j"}}|j%|||||dy |d k(r|j'||j(|y |d k(ryt+||D]i\} \} }}|j|j| d} |j%| | |j-||j-||jdky y |jry |dk(r|j%|d d d nZ|d k(r5|j'||j(|jdjn |d k(r|D]} |j%| d d d d|_ y )zpManages the correct rendering of the turtle with respect to its shape, resizemode, stretch and tilt etc.rFr4rrrCTrnrr|rrr6Nrprprprr)rrzrr{rr}r8rrrr9r4r7rArrr:r9rrrzipr) rrrlrtitemtshaperfcocrr=s rrzRawTurtle._drawturtle st{{556  !! ;;600A5&//A:M',D $[[F !##z1q1%%/T]]++a(:(:6(BC$..B  B<=4!I'!!!%@*$,/v,>(D.4R??4+=+=dD+IJD$$T4dhhrl-1XXb\ASASY]%_-?% '' !  (@"bI'!!!%*0..*A*G*GI*$!D$$T+CRL"'+D $rc |j}|j|jj}|j}|j }|dk(r|j }|jdk(rd}n(|jdk(r |j}n |j}|j|j|}|j|j}}|j|||||dn|dk(r/|jd}|j!||j"|n|d k(rg}|D]#} |j } |j%| %t'|}t)||D]i\} \} }}|j|j| d} |j| | |j+||j+||jdk|j,j%|j.j1d |f|S) aStamp a copy of the turtleshape onto the canvas and return its id. No argument. Stamp a copy of the turtle shape onto the canvas at the current turtle position. Return a stamp_id for that stamp, which can be used to delete it by calling clearstamp(stamp_id). Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.color("blue") >>> turtle.stamp() 13 >>> turtle.fd(50) r4rrrCTrrrr6rs)rrzrr{rr9rr4r7rArrr:r9rrrrrrrrrrrH) rrrlrrstitemrrrelementrr=s rrszRawTurtle.stamp" st{{556  I '')F:-1q!!V+Q''!OOD$6$6v$>?E__dnnB   VUR89t  E g ((,F   fdnnf = j F!))+ d#"6]F(+FF(;$ntRt'9'9$'EF  t$((2,)-"T=O=OUY![)< v& gv./ rcj||jvrit|tr#|D]}|jj |n|jj ||jj |d|f}|j }||jvry|jj|}|jj |||jkr!|jdz |jz|_ |jj|jdz|jzdgy)z9does the work for clearstamp() and clearstamps() rsNr) rrrrrrrrCindexrDrBinsert)rstampidsubitemrbufrs r _clearstampzRawTurtle._clearstampO s doo %'5)&GKK''0 ' ##G, OO " "7 +!oo szz !    & $ CGG ww{ckk1CG 37719ckk1D6:rcF|j||jy)aDDelete stamp with given stampid Argument: stampid - an integer, must be return value of previous stamp() call. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.color("blue") >>> astamp = turtle.stamp() >>> turtle.fd(50) >>> turtle.clearstamp(astamp) N)rr)rrs rr7zRawTurtle.clearstampe s ! rc||jdd}n$|dk\r|jd|}n|j|d}|D]}|j||jy)aDelete all or first/last n of turtle's stamps. Optional argument: n -- an integer If n is None, delete all of pen's stamps, else if n > 0 delete first n stamps else if n < 0 delete last n stamps. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> for i in range(8): ... turtle.stamp(); turtle.fd(30) ... >>> turtle.clearstamps(2) >>> turtle.clearstamps(-2) >>> turtle.clearstamps() Nr)rrr)rrtoDeleters rr8zRawTurtle.clearstampst s_$ 9q)H !Vr*Hqr*HD   T " rc |j|j|jt|jt f}|j }d|j|||j|jdd|j|j|jddff}|jr|jj||j}|jr1|jdk(r!||z }|d|j zdz|d|j"zdzz}dt%|dzdd|jzz|jzz z}|d |z z} t'd|D]t} | dk(rd } nd } || | zz|_|jr?|j)|j*||jf|j|j| |j-v|jr)|j)|j*d d |j|jr|jj/|t|jt r|jj/|||_|j0r|j2j/|t5|jdkDr|j7|j-y)zMove the pen to the point end, thereby drawing a line if pen is down. All other methods for turtle movement depend on this one. goNrrrrr皙?rTFrprprrnr|*)r;r9r7rrrrrrrr rrrHr<rrrrr rrrrrrr rc) rrgo_modesr undo_entrystartdiffdiffsqnhopsdeltarrs rrzRawTurtle._goto s\ ]]^^]]57DNNC++&&q)''(<(<=jjm% ?? OO  , ;;6??a/ID1gfmm+a/476==3H12LLFc63;C,<)=dkk)IJKKECI&E1e_6CC!&!2==$$T%9%9&+T^^%<%)^^T]]CI %}}  !5!57G46dmm!M ==    # #C ( dnnd + NN ! !# &    JJ  c " t 2 % MMO rcT|\}}}}|\}}}} |\} } } } |j}t|j|z dkDr td| |_| |_| ddgk(rd}n|}|j | | |||jDcgc]}|| vs|j|dk(r|}}|D].}|j||jj|0|}|jr|jdk(r||z }|d|jzd z|d|jzd zz}dt|dzd d |jzz|jzz z}|d |z z}t!d|D]V}|dk(rd }nd}|||zz|_|r+|j |j"||jf||||j%X|r|j |j"dd|||_|j&rOt)|j*dkDr|j*j-|j*gk(rd|_d|_| rH|j.gk(rd|_tdn&|j.|j.j-|j%ycc}w)z)Reverse a _goto. Used for undo() rz$undogoto: HALLO-DA-STIMMT-WAS-NICHT!rprrrrrrrrrTFrNzUnwahrscheinlich in _undogoto!)rrrrrrrrrrrr<rrrrr rrrr rrJr)rentryoldnewrcoodatadrawingpcpsrCcLIcLr rrusepcr todeleterrrrrrrs r _undogotozRawTurtle._undogoto s',#S(G#+ R$RU t~~# $s * 9 :" &&! !EEbuB7#zzDz!aun(. Q6(AzDA NN1  JJ  a  ;;6??a/9D1gfmm+a/476==3H12LLFc63;C,<)=dkk)IJKKECI&E1e_6CC!$uqy$$T%9%9&+T^^%<%'S2 %  !5!57G46b!B   4::"  zzR%*"! ~~#!%67+""$ YDs  J%J%c$|jr(|jjd||jf||jz}|jj |}|j j }|dk(r|jdkDrqd|jz}dtt||z z}d|z|z }t|D]2}|jj ||_|j4||_|jy)z&Turns pen clockwise by angle. rotrrg@rN) rrHrrrrrr<rrr r)rr neworientranglevelr#rrs rrzRawTurtle._rotate s ?? OO %0B0B!C D ###LL''. ++&& a>> turtle.begin_fill() >>> if turtle.filling(): ... turtle.pensize(5) ... else: ... turtle.pensize(3) )rrrrs rrCzRawTurtle.filling( s$..$//rcv|jsD|jj|_|jj |j|j g|_|j|jr'|jjd|jf|jy)a Called just before drawing a shape to be filled. No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.color("black", "red") >>> turtle.begin_fill() >>> turtle.circle(60) >>> turtle.end_fill() beginfillN) rCrrrrrrrrcrrHrrs rr2zRawTurtle.begin_fill6 sy||~![[446DN JJ  dnn -..)  ?? OO +t~~!> ? rcp|jrt|jdkDro|jj |j |j|j |jr'|jjd|j fdx|_|_|jyy)a Fill the shape drawn after the call begin_fill(). No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.color("black", "red") >>> turtle.begin_fill() >>> turtle.circle(60) >>> turtle.end_fill() rrdofillN) rCr rrrrr:rrHrrs rr?zRawTurtle.end_fillK s <<>4>>"Q& %%dnndnn+/??&<??OO(((DNN)CD.2 2DNT^ LLN rcX|s}t|ttfr5|j|}|jt |jdz}nh|j }|sZ|jt |jdz}n6|#|jt |jdz}|j|}|j}|jr-|jjdgd|j_ |jdk(r|j|j|j||j||j!d|j||jrd|j_ yy#|j|wxYw)aDraw a dot with diameter size, using color. Optional arguments: size -- an integer >= 1 (if given) color -- a colorstring or a numeric color tuple Draw a circular dot with diameter size, using color. If size is not given, the maximum of pensize+4 and 2*pensize is used. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.dot() >>> turtle.fd(50); turtle.dot(20, "blue"); turtle.fd(50) reNrTrCrF)rrrrr7rr9rWrrHrErbrNrYrZrXrD)rrr:rWs rr=z RawTurtle.dot_ s:$e -t,}}s4==!'<<==3t}}a+@@D|}}s4==!'<<NN5)Ehhj ?? OO % )'+DOO $  F* LLN LL  MM% LLO HHSM ??',DOO $  HHSMs A&FF)c|jj|j||||j\}}|j |j j ||jr|jjd|f|S)z)Performs the writing for write() wri) rrrr9rrrrrH)rrrrrrs rrzRawTurtle._write smKK&&t~~sE4:>..J c  $ ?? OO % / rcT|jr-|jjdgd|j_|jt ||j |}|r%|j \}}|j|||jrd|j_yy)aWrite text at the current turtle position. Arguments: arg -- info, which is to be written to the TurtleScreen move (optional) -- True/False align (optional) -- one of the strings "left", "center" or right" font (optional) -- a triple (fontname, fontsize, fonttype) Write text - the string representation of arg - at the current turtle position according to align ("left", "center" or right") and with the given font. If move is True, the pen is moved to the bottom-right corner of the text. By default, move is False. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.write('Home = ', True, align="center") >>> turtle.write((0,0), True) rTFN)rrHrErrr7r\rf)rargmoverrrrrs rr}zRawTurtle.write s& ?? OO % )'+DOO $kk#c(EKKM48 88:DAq KKQ  ??',DOO $ rc6|jg|_d|_y)aStart recording the vertices of a polygon. No argument. Start recording the vertices of a polygon. Current turtle position is first point of polygon. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.begin_poly() TN)rrrrs rr3zRawTurtle.begin_poly snn% !rcd|_y)a7Stop recording the vertices of a polygon. No argument. Stop recording the vertices of a polygon. Current turtle position is last point of polygon. This will be connected with the first point. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.end_poly() FN)rrs rr@zRawTurtle.end_poly s #rcF|jt|jSy)zReturn the lastly recorded polygon. No argument. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> p = turtle.get_poly() >>> turtle.register_shape("myFavouriteShape", p) N)rrrs rrEzRawTurtle.get_poly s" :: !$ $ "rc|jS)aReturn the TurtleScreen object, the turtle is drawing on. No argument. Return the TurtleScreen object, the turtle is drawing on. So TurtleScreen-methods can be called for that object. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> ts = turtle.getscreen() >>> ts >>> ts.bgcolor("pink") )rrs rrGzRawTurtle.getscreen s{{rc|S)aUReturn the Turtleobject itself. No argument. Only reasonable use: as a function to return the 'anonymous turtle': Example: >>> pet = getturtle() >>> pet.fd(50) >>> pet >>> turtles() [] rrs rrIzRawTurtle.getturtle s  rc8|jj|S)zDSet delay value which determines speed of turtle animation. )rrrs rrzRawTurtle._delays{{  ''rc|jj|jj||||j y)aBind fun to mouse-click event on this turtle on canvas. Arguments: fun -- a function with two arguments, to which will be assigned the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas. btn -- number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 (left mouse button). add -- True or False. If True, new binding will be added, otherwise it will replace a former binding. Example for the anonymous turtle, i. e. the procedural way: >>> def turn(x, y): ... left(360) ... >>> onclick(turn) # Now clicking into the turtle will turn it. >>> onclick(None) # event-binding will be removed N)rrrr}rrs rrSzRawTurtle.onclicks/$ T[[..S#> rc|jj|jj||||j y)aBind fun to mouse-button-release event on this turtle on canvas. Arguments: fun -- a function with two arguments, to which will be assigned the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas. btn -- number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 (left mouse button). Example (for a MyTurtle instance named joe): >>> class MyTurtle(Turtle): ... def glow(self,x,y): ... self.fillcolor("red") ... def unglow(self,x,y): ... self.fillcolor("") ... >>> joe = MyTurtle() >>> joe.onclick(joe.glow) >>> joe.onrelease(joe.unglow) Clicking on joe turns fillcolor red, unclicking turns it to transparent. N)rrrr}rrs rrUzRawTurtle.onreleases/, t{{00#sC@ rch|jj|jj|||y)aBind fun to mouse-move event on this turtle on canvas. Arguments: fun -- a function with two arguments, to which will be assigned the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas. btn -- number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 (left mouse button). Every sequence of mouse-move-events on a turtle is preceded by a mouse-click event on that turtle. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> turtle.ondrag(turtle.goto) Subsequently clicking and dragging a Turtle will move it across the screen thereby producing handdrawings (if pen is down). N)rrrr}rs rrTzRawTurtle.ondrag5s&$ DKK--sC=rc|jy|dk(rB|\}}|j| |z|jz |jj}y|dk(r|d}|j |y|dk(r|j |y|dvr<|d}|j j||jj|y|dk(r%|d}|j j|dd d y|d k(rY|d}dx|_ |_ ||jvr7|j j||jj|yy|d k(r4tj||d|jjyy) z2Does the main part of the work for undo() Nrrsrr)rr=rrrrrrW)rrrrJr7rrrrrrrrr2rW)ractionr;rdegPAUdummyrrs r_undozRawTurtle._undoJsk ?? "  U? ME6 LL%t'9'99 :OO'')E w !WF OOF # t^ NN4 ~ %7D KK   % JJ  d # x 7D KK ! !$(>')2 " 7 { "7D.2 2DNT^tzz! ##D) !!$'"u_ HHT47 # OO   !rc|jy|jj}|d}|dd}|dk(r/|r,|j}|j|d|dd|r+yy|j||y)aundo (repeatedly) the last turtle action. No argument. undo (repeatedly) the last turtle action. Number of available undo actions is determined by the size of the undobuffer. Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle): >>> for i in range(4): ... turtle.fd(50); turtle.lt(80) ... >>> for i in range(8): ... turtle.undo() ... Nrrr)rrJr)rrrr;s rryzRawTurtle.undojsy" ?? " ""$aABx U?xxz 47DH- JJvt $rrrrf)NNNN)Frv)FrQ)Arialr^rPr-);rrrrrrr/rarirzrr6rrr rrrr0rtr9rlrmrorhrvrurnrrHrrrsrr7r8rrrrcrCr2r?r=rr}r3r@rErGrIrFrrSrUrTrryrxrrrr r sUG"G} $%5 6i&P2,& - 1 A!$/*(+ +.5.D.T.`&P6&?P7.6%3N1&%$P ON" K$,P+Z;, 83j?B$0 0*()-V -: " # % "F( *2>*"@%:Jrr chtjtt_tjS)zReturn the singleton screen object. If none exists at the moment, create a new one and return it, else return the existing one.)r _screenrrrrr r s!~~  >>rcdeZdZdZdZedZdZededededfdZd Z d Z d Z d Z y) rNr*cttjhtxt_|_|jjtj|jj |j tjtd}td}td}td}td}td}|jj|||||jjt_tj|tj|j||||yy)Nr|rrrrr)r_rootrhr*_titler|_destroyr4rrprrr r/r')rr|rrrrrs rr/z_Screen.__init__s == ). 0GMDJ JJ  W^^ , JJ  / ?? "ME(^F[)Il+J[)I[)I JJ " "5&)Z H"jj335GO  ! !$ 8 JJufi ; #rr|rrrct|jdsy|jj}|jj}t |t rd|cxkrdkrnn||z}|||z dz }t |t rd|cxkrdkrnn||z}|||z dz }|jj |||||jy)a  Set the size and position of the main window. Arguments: width: as integer a size in pixels, as float a fraction of the screen. Default is 50% of screen. height: as integer the height in pixels, as float a fraction of the screen. Default is 75% of screen. startx: if positive, starting position in pixels from the left edge of the screen, if negative from the right edge Default, startx=None is to center window horizontally. starty: if positive, starting position in pixels from the top edge of the screen, if negative from the bottom edge Default, starty=None is to center window vertically. Examples (for a Screen instance named screen): >>> screen.setup (width=200, height=200, startx=0, starty=0) sets window to 200x200 pixels, in upper left of screen >>> screen.setup(width=.75, height=0.5, startx=None, starty=None) sets window to 75% of screen by 50% of screen and centers rwNrrr)hasattrrrrrrrwr-)rr|rrurvrshs rr'z _Screen.setups2tzz>2  ZZ ! ! # ZZ " " $ eU #UauHE >5jA%F fe $f)9)9YF >6kQ&F vvv> rcxtjtjj||t_y)aqSet title of turtle-window Argument: titlestring -- a string, to appear in the titlebar of the turtle graphics window. This is a method of Screen-class. Not available for TurtleScreen- objects. Example (for a Screen instance named screen): >>> screen.title("Welcome to the turtle-zoo!") N)rrr*r)r titlestrings rr*z _Screen.titles' == $ MM   ,$rc|j}|tjur,dt_dt_dt_dt_dt _|jy)NF) rrr rrr4r rr{)rroots rrz_Screen._destroysDzz 7== FK!FN GM"GO %  rc$|jy)z~Shut the turtlegraphics window. Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen): >>> screen.bye() N)rrs rrz _Screen.byes rcfd}j|tdry ty#t$rt dYywxYw)alGo into mainloop until the mouse is clicked. No arguments. Bind bye() method to mouseclick on TurtleScreen. If "using_IDLE" - value in configuration dictionary is False (default value), enter mainloop. If IDLE with -n switch (no subprocess) is used, this value should be set to True in turtle.cfg. In this case IDLE's mainloop is active also for the client script. This is a method of the Screen-class and not available for TurtleScreen instances. Example (for a Screen instance named screen): >>> screen.exitonclick() c&jy)z&Screen.bye() with two dummy-parametersN)r)rrrs rexitGracefullyz+_Screen.exitonclick..exitGracefully s HHJrrNr)rSrrAttributeErrorexit)rr's` rrz_Screen.exitonclicksA&  ^$     J  G s .AA) rrrrr4rrr/r'r*rrrrrrrrsR EG ']F<"w-X+&tK/@&P%"rrc8eZdZdZdZdZedededfdZy)r zRawTurtle auto-creating (scrolled) canvas. When a Turtle object is created or a function derived from some Turtle method is called a TurtleScreen object is automatically created. Nrlrrctjtt_tj |tj|||y)N)rlrr)r rr r r/)rrlrrs rr/zTurtle.__init__s; >> !#XFN4!&*8#*  ,r)rrrrrrrr/rrrr r s1 DGG} $%5 6i ,rr cfi}tD]}d|z}t|j||<!tD]}d|z}t|j||<!t d|zd5}t d|D}|j d|ddD]6}|j d t|z|j d ||z8|d}|j d t|z|j d ||z|j d |jdddy#1swYyxYw) aCreate and write docstring-dictionary to file. Optional argument: filename -- a string, used as filename default value is turtle_docstringdict Has to be called explicitly, (not used by the turtle-graphics classes) The docstring dictionary will be written to the Python script .py It is intended to serve as a template for translation of the docstrings into different languages. z_Screen.zTurtle.z%s.pyrc3TK|] }|jddtvr|"yw)rrN)r _alias_list)rrs rrz&write_docstringdict..As*=Aa ;s&(zdocsdict = { Nrz%s : z """%s """, z """%s """ z} ) _tg_screen_functionsrr_tg_turtle_functionsrrr}reprclose)rdocsdict methodnamerrrs rrr+s H* #S )) ++  "S )) + g  %=== "#9C GGHtCy( ) GG- = >2h 49$% (8C=89    & % %s "B""..  2ejj\!23"#?LL.DIIi()+I x=) ##rcddl}|ytd}|jd|zd}|jd|z}|j d|}|S)z>>>>>)objinitr paramslistargslist)getattrrRr __func_bodyformatr globalsr) functionsrrerf docreviser4rpl1pl2defstrs r_make_global_funcsrrs j)!&)S "9 (C % ##$Z/2S$B VWY(1&..(A *% rzTurtle._screenzScreen()z Turtle._penzTurtle()__main__cBtr tytyr)rOr^rVrrr switchpenrus 8 D Drcttdttdt t dt dD]p}|dk(r tt dD]}tdtd|dk(rtdtttd t rt d td td ttdtdtdtdtd t tdd tdd tdt dD].}tdtdtdtd0tdtt dD].}tdtdtdtd0ty)zDemo of old turtle.py - moduleTdrrrerZmaroonrErrF startstartrredr`N)rar+r{r1r>r|r r2rDrQr:r?r`r})r rs rdemo1r}sJ t     aqAAv 1X RAvh D BK F a gu   b   b   c   lA gq e qA BK H BK "I  t  qA BK H BK "I   rc tdttdtt ddt dddz }t dtdD]}tt|dtdtrttrttdtd d}t!d tdtd td d D]}|dkDr t#t%d d|zz dd|ztdD]}t'|tdt)|dz }tdttdzdztdt+t'dt dt-t/ddtdt#tdD]/}tddt dt'dt d1t)tdt+t'dt-t1dt3}|j5dt7}|j5d|j1d|j|j9d|jd|j;|j=dd|jd|j?|jd|j/dd|jd|jdtt |d}|j |dkDr|j'd|jd |j|j ||j'd|d!zdk(r*|jA|jAt|dz }|j |dkDr|jd"d#d$%|j!d&|j!dd'}tCjDdtr+|j|jtr+|j'd|jd(d)*|jG|dy+),zDemo of some new features.rrrrrxrzwait a moment...rgreenrzrWrVx FrEr|yellowre2rrCi(rfblueorangerg @g333333?rzCAUGHT! )rrVboldr`)rrrc,ttyr)rr)rrs rbabazdemo2..baba`s M Erz Click me!)Courierrr)rN)$rqrrrZrerwr<rcr rur5r}rzryrarRrrXr2rBrAr?r^rVr:rlrIrbr rQr{rJr>rstimesleeprS)r!rlaenger trirrLrs rdemo2r st a  71a=!!Q# 2rA K 62   !! 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